Additive manufacturing technology offers the ability to produce personalized products with lower development costs, shorter lead times, less energy consumed during manufacturing and less material waste. It can be used to manufacture complex parts and enables manufacturers to reduce their inventory, make products on-demand, create smaller and localized manufacturing environments, and even reduce supply chains. Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as
fabricating three-dimensional (3D) and four-dimensional (4D) components, refers to processes that allow for the direct fabrication of physical products from computer-aided design (CAD) models through the repetitious deposition of material layers. Compared with traditional manufacturing processes, AM allows the production of customized parts from bio- and synthetic polymers without the need for molds or machining typical for conventional formative and subtractive fabrication.

Today, AM offers numerous advantages, i.e., little assembly required, supply chain efficiencies, sustainability, geometric flexibility, low Buy-to-Fly ratios, shortened times to market, environmentally
friendly, and the production of single and multiple components, offering incomparable design independence with the facility to manufacture components from various bio- and synthetic polymers.
These advantages make AM a major player in the next industrial revolution of polymers. Polymers and their composites are one of the most widely used materials in today’s industry and are of great interest in AM due to the vast potential for various applications, such as in the apparel, art and jewelry, electric and electronic, healthcare, biomedical, robotics, military defense, sensor and actuators, construction, aerospace and automotive industries. Polymers that are utilized in AM include hydrogels, elastomers, thermosets, thermoplastics, functional polymers, polymer composites,
polymer hybrid composites, polymer nanocomposites and polymer blends. Over the past 30 years, much research has been carried out on developing new polymeric materials for AM processes, such
as material jetting (MJ), drop-on-demand (DOD), sand binder jetting, vat photopolymerization, fused deposition modelling (FDM), stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP) and selective
laser sintering (SLS).
In this Special Issue, we aimed to capture the cutting-edge state-of-the-art research pertaining to advancing the additive manufacturing of polymeric materials. The topic themes include advanced polymeric material development, processing parameter optimization, characterization techniques, structure–property relationships, process modelling, etc., specifically for AM.

Emin Bayraktar, S. M. Sapuan, R. A. Ilyas
Editors

https://www.mdpi.com/books/pdfview/book/5258

Contents
About the Editors
Preface to ”Additive Manufacturing of Bio and Synthetic Polymers”

R.A. Ilyas, S.M. Sapuan, M.M. Harussani, M.Y.A.Y. Hakimi, M.Z.M. Haziq and M.S.N. Atikah et al. Polylactic Acid (PLA) Biocomposite : Processing, Additive Manufacturing and Advanced Applications

Waleed Ahmed, Sidra Siraj and Ali H. Al-Marzouqi
Embracing Additive Manufacturing Technology through Fused Filament Fabrication for Antimicrobial with Enhanced Formulated Materials

Aida Haryati Jamadi, Nadlene Razali, Michal Petr ° u, Mastura Mohammad Taha, Noryani Muhammad and Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas
Effect of Chemically Treated Kenaf Fibre on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of PLA Composites Prepared through Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

Richard Kuracina, Zuzana Szabov´a, Eva Buransk´a, Alica Pastierov´a, Peter Gogola and Ivan Buransk´y
Determination of Fire Parameters of Polyamide 12 Powder for Additive Technologies

Victor Beloshenko, Yan Beygelzimer, Vyacheslav Chishko, Bogdan Savchenko, Nadiya Sova and Dmytro Verbylo et al.
Mechanical Properties of Flexible TPU-Based 3D Printed Lattice Structures : Role of Lattice Cut Direction and Architecture

Feiyang He and Muhammad Khan
Effects of Printing Parameters on the Fatigue Behaviour of 3D-Printed ABS under Dynamic Thermo-Mechanical Loads

Jasgurpreet Singh Chohan, Nitin Mittal, Raman Kumar, Sandeep Singh, Shubham Sharma and Shashi Prakash Dwivedi et al.
Optimization of FFF Process Parameters by Naked Mole-Rat Algorithms with Enhanced Exploration and Exploitation Capabilities

Shubham Sharma, P. Sudhakara, Jujhar Singh, R. A. Ilyas, M. R. M. Asyraf and M. R. Razman
Critical Review of Biodegradable and Bioactive Polymer Composites for Bone Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Applications

Nicola Schiavone, Vincent Verney and Haroutioun Askanian
High-Density Bio-PE and Pozzolan Based Composites : Formulation and Prototype Design for Control of Low Water Flow

Vikneswari Sanmuham, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan, A. M. Radzi, Ahmad Adlie Shamsuri, Ain Umaira Md Shah and Syafiqah Nur Azrie Safri et al. Effect of Silver Nanopowder on Mechanical, Thermal and Antimicrobial Properties of Kenaf/HDPE Composites

Lu Lu Taung Mai, Min Min Aung, Sarah Anis Muhamad Saidi, Paik San H’ng, Marwah Rayung and Adila Mohamad Jaafar
Non Edible Oil-Based Epoxy Resins from Jatropha Oil and Their Shape Memory Behaviors

N.M. Nurazzi, N. Abdullah, S.Z.N. Demon, N.A. Halim and I.S. Mohamad
The Influence of Reaction Time on Non-Covalent Functionalisation of P3HT/MWCNT Nanocomposites

M. A. Azman, M. R. M. Asyraf, A. Khalina, Michal Petr ° u, C. M. Ruzaidi and S. M. Sapuan et al.
Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite Material for Product Design : A Short Review

Salem Mohammed Aldosari, Muhammad A. Khan and Sameer Rahatekar
Manufacturing Pitch and Polyethylene Blends-Based Fibres as Potential Carbon Fibre Precursors

Z. N. Diyana, R. Jumaidin, Mohd Zulkefli Selamat, Ihwan Ghazali, Norliza Julmohammad and Nurul Huda et al.
Physical Properties of Thermoplastic Starch Derived from Natural Resources and Its Blends : A Review